经皮电子神经刺激（TENS）

刺激过由数十单元旨在提供激励（刺激）的感觉神经类型，并通过这样做，激活特定的自然止痛的机制。为了方便起见，如果考虑到有可激活的两个主要的疼痛缓解机制：疼痛门机构和内源性阿片系统，在刺激参数的变化用于激活这两个系统将是简要地考虑。

疼痛relief by means of the pain gate mechanism involves activation (excitation) of the A beta (Aβ) sensory fibres, and by doing so, reduces the transmission of the noxious stimulus from the ‘c’ fibres, through the spinal cord and hence on to the higher centres. The Aβ fibres appear to appreciate being stimulated at a relatively high frequency HF (in the order of 90 - 130 Hz or pps). It is difficult to find support for the concept that there is a single frequency that works best for every patient, but this range appears to cover the majority of individuals. Clinically it is important to enable the patient to find their optimal treatment frequency – which will almost certainly vary between individuals. Setting the machine and telling the patient that this is the ‘right’ setting is almost certainly not going to be the maximally effective treatment, though of course, some pain relief may well be achieved.

的电流流动在组织取决于pathway.The阻抗的阻抗的量包括OH话筒电阻和感应电阻。所述感应电阻可忽略不计的组织。一般来说，水样组织，血液，肌肉和神经具有低欧姆电阻：骨和脂肪具有较高和表皮具有最高的所有的。

这由目标肌肉或肌肉群决定单身或与其他肌肉相关

• 单方面：单方面放置会导致炎症或一半的肌肉对。
• 双边：它允许两个肢体的刺激或肌肉对的两个半部
• 单极：只有两个基本动态连接到它的电极中的一个被放置在受刺激该电极被称为处置电极的目标区域。
• 四极：涉及从它自己的信道的使用的两组电极中的每个始发。它可以被认为是两个双极电路的并发应用。这种技术可以用的激动剂和拮抗剂的刺激来使用。也可以在交叉的图案或大面积平板作为后备使用。