由于以下原因,您无权编辑此页:
- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:根据世界卫生组织的数据,“每年有超过1300万人死于传染病和寄生虫感染[[[寄生虫病]]]”
s:在一些发展中国家,每两个死亡中就有一个死亡。穷人、妇女、儿童和老人是最脆弱的群体。传染病仍然是世界上年轻人和儿童的主要杀手。”传染病的预防、控制和根除。http://www.who.int/countries/eth/areas/cds/en/(2016年12月21日访问)。社会经济因素、环境物理疗法导论、环境因素、行为因素以及国际旅行和移民,都助长并加剧了传染病的传播。[[疫苗]]-可预防的、食源性的、[[人畜共患疾病]]、卫生保健相关疾病和传染病对人类健康构成重大威胁,有时还可能威胁国际卫生安全 世界卫生组织。传染病。http://www.who.int/topics/infectious_diseases/en/(2016年12月21日访问)。根据Lindahl和Grace(2015)的说法,传染病在整个历史上都有改变文明的后果。 An estimated 50–100 million humans worldwide succumbed to infection during the Spanish [[Influenza|Flu]] Pandemic in 1918–1920 while rinderpest was in part responsible for death by starvation of almost two-thirds of the East African Massai population after it caused massive death to livestock. Lindahl JF, Grace D. The consequences of human actions on risks for infectious diseases: a review. Infection ecology & epidemiology. 2015;5. Available at: http://www.infectionecologyandepidemiology.net/index.php/iee/article/view/30048 As a result of better living conditions, increased access to health care including better vaccines, advent of [[antibiotics]] and improved surveillance and monitoring in relation to public health, the proportion of infectious diseases was trending downwards during the early Twentieth Century. However, an increase in the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases became evident in many parts of the world towards the later part of the Twentieth Century. Weiss RA, McMichael AJ. REPRINT H. Health of People, Places and Planet: Reflections based on Tony McMichael’s four decades of contribution to epidemiological understanding. 2015 Jul 31;10(12):431. Weiss & McMichael (2015) highlight that over 30 new, emerging diseases have been identified, including [[Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)|COVID 19]], Legionnaires' Disease, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ([[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|AIDS]]), [[Hepatitis A, B, C|Hepatitis]] C, Bovine [[Prion Diseases (or Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies)|Spongiform Encephalopathy]] (BSE) / Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD), several [[Viral Infections|Viral]] Hemorrhagic Fevers and, most recently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ([[SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome|SARS]]), Avian Influenza, [[Ebola Virus|Ebola]] and [[Zika Virus|Zika]] Virus. The authors in part relate the emergence of these diseases and the resurgence of old ones such as [[Tuberculosis]] and Cholera to various changes in human ecology including; * rural-to-urban migration resulting in high-density peri-urban slums * increasing long-distance mobility and trade * the social disruption of war and conflict * changes in personal behavior * human-induced global changes, including widespread forest clearance and climate change.