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- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:治疗骨质疏松症的药物治疗骨质疏松症的药物可以增加骨密度,虽然增加的幅度可能很小,但对降低骨折率有非常积极的作用。例如,药物可以增加髋骨的骨密度大约。在前3-4年的治疗中,脊柱降低了4-8%。药物治疗可使脊柱骨折减少30-70%,[[股骨颈髋部骨折|髋部骨折]]减少30-50%(早在开始治疗后6 - 12个月就能看到积极效果)。骨质疏松症药物根据其“活性成分”分为不同的“类别”#双膦酸盐-片剂(每日,每周或每月):阿仑膦酸钠(品牌名Fosamax或其他仿制品牌),利塞膦酸钠(品牌名Actonel或其他仿制品牌),每年一次静脉输注:唑来膦酸(品牌名Aclasta) #Denosumab - 6个月注射:Denosumab(品牌名:Denosumab的作用方式与双膦酸盐不同,但在减缓骨骼分解速度方面具有相同的效果,在降低骨折风险方面具有相似的效果。#选择性雌激素受体调节剂(SERMS) -每日片剂:雷洛昔芬(品牌名:Evista) #*这种药物对骨骼的作用方式与激素雌激素相似,减缓骨质流失,降低绝经妇女脊柱骨折的风险#激素替代疗法(HRT) -活性成分是激素雌激素。一些激素替代疗法也含有孕激素(联合激素替代疗法)#*即使是低剂量,激素替代疗法也有助于减缓骨质流失,降低绝经妇女骨质疏松和骨折的风险。对于大多数60岁以下患有骨质疏松症和需要激素治疗来缓解更年期症状的女性来说,激素替代疗法是安全有效的。60岁以下不能服用其他骨质疏松症药物的妇女也可服用此药。 It is particularly useful for women who have undergone early menopause (before 45 years of age) #* Due to the small increased risk of heart disease, strokes and breast cancer in older women, other osteoporosis medicines are more suitable for women over the age of 60 #Teriparatide - Daily injection for 18 months (self-administered): Teriparatide (Brand name: Forteo) #* This medicine stimulates bone-forming cells, resulting in improved bone strength and structure. It is only prescribed for people with severe osteoporosis when other osteoporosis medicines have not worked and the risk of more fractures is still very high. Teriparatide must be prescribed by a specialist and can only be taken for 18 months. Once the course of teriparatide is finished, another osteoporosis medicine must be started to ensure that the new bone formed is maintained and improvedOsteoporosis Australia. [https://www.osteoporosis.org.au/treatment-options Treatment options] Available from:https://www.osteoporosis.org.au/treatment-options (last accessed 27.2.2020) #Romosozumab - monthly injection: Romosozumab (brand name: Evenity) #*This medicine is a monoclonal antibody that binds and inhibits sclerostin, with a dual effect of increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption.Cosman F, Crittenden DB, Adachi JD, Binkley N, Czerwinski E, Ferrari S, Hofbauer LC, Lau E, Lewiecki EM, Miyauchi A, Zerbini CA, Milmont CE, Chen L, Maddox J, Meisner PD, Libanati C, Grauer A. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27641143/ Romosozumab Treatment in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis.] N Engl J Med. 2016 Oct 20;375(16):1532-1543.McClung MR, Grauer A, Boonen S, Bolognese MA, Brown JP, Diez-Perez A, Langdahl BL, Reginster JY, Zanchetta JR, Wasserman SM, Katz L, Maddox J, Yang YC, Libanati C, Bone HG. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24382002/ Romosozumab in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density.] N Engl J Med. 2014 Jan 30;370(5):412-20. [[File:Smoking-1026556 960 720-2.jpg|right|frameless|250x250px]] Take note - Medical management isn't the only way to treat osteoporosis. It is also important to include daily exercise, good [[nutrition]] (including adequate amounts of calcium and [[Vitamin D Deficiency|vitamin D]]), smoking cessation, and limiting alcohol intake.Mayo Clinic. Osteoporosis treatment: Medication can help. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/osteoporosis-treatment/WO00127 (Accessed 28 March 2013).