由于以下原因,您无权编辑此页:
- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:手部卫生的重要性手部卫生的重要性正常的人的皮肤上有微生物,尽管这些微生物在人与人之间有很大的不同,但对任何特定的人来说往往是相对恒定的。在手上,有两类菌群: # " '瞬时菌群'' -通常在与患者或污染表面直接接触时获得。它寄生于皮肤的表层。它最常与卫生保健相关的感染有关,可以通过洗手去除。“常驻植物”——附着在皮肤的深层。它对清除更有抵抗力,并且不太可能与医疗保健相关的感染相关。
当这些微生物具有致病性时,可通过以下途径对患者和医疗机构造成潜在风险:*卫生保健工作者的定植或从病人身上获得的微生物引起的感染。*与卫生保健相关感染有关的发病率、死亡率和费用。
病原体从一个患者传播到另一个患者需要以下事件顺序:#患者皮肤上存在的生物体,或已经脱落到靠近患者的无生命物体上的生物体,被转移到护理人员的手中。 # These organisms must then be capable of surviving for at least several minutes on the hands of personnel. # Next, handwashing or hand antisepsis by the caregiver must be inadequate or omitted entirely, or the agent used for hand hygiene is ineffective. # Finally, the contaminated hands of the caregiver must come in direct contact with another patient, or with an inanimate object that will come into direct contact with the patient.
'''Teaching people''' '''about handwashing helps''' them and their communities stay healthy. '''Handwashing Education in the Community:''' * Reduces the number of people who get sick with diarrhoea by 23-40%Ejemot‐Nwadiaro RI, Ehiri JE, Meremikwu MM, Critchley JA. Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea. Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2008(1).Aiello AE, Coulborn RM, Perez V, Larson EL. Effect of hand hygiene on infectious disease risk in the community setting: a meta-analysis. American journal of public health. 2008 Aug;98(8):1372-81.Freeman MC, Stocks ME, Cumming O, Jeandron A, Higgins JP, Wolf J, Prüss‐Ustün A, Bonjour S, Hunter PR, Fewtrell L, Curtis V. Systematic review: hygiene and health: systematic review of handwashing practices worldwide and update of health effects. Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2014 Aug;19(8):906-16. * Reduces diarrheal illness in people with weakened immune systems by 58%Huang DB, Zhou J. Effect of intensive handwashing in the prevention of diarrhoeal illness among patients with AIDS: a randomized controlled study. Journal of medical microbiology. 2007 May 1;56(5):659-63. * Reduces respiratory illnesses, like colds, in the general population by 16-21% * Reduces absenteeism due to gastrointestinal illness in schoolchildren by 29-57%Wang Z, Lapinski M, Quilliam E, Jaykus LA, Fraser A. The effect of hand-hygiene interventions on infectious disease-associated absenteeism in elementary schools: A systematic literature review. American journal of infection control. 2017 Jun 1;45(6):682-9.