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您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:==目的==热疗法的目的是随时间改变目标区域的组织温度,以诱导所需的生物反应。大多数热疗法旨在将热疗法提供给目标组织体积,对中间或周围组织的影响最小。=====热=====通过增加皮肤/软组织的温度,通过[//m.houseofhawgs.com/index.php?title=Healing血管扩张]增加血流量。代谢率和组织伸伸性也会增加。热量增加氧气的吸收,加速组织愈合,它也增加了破坏性酶的活性,如胶原酶,并增加分解代谢率。=====冷=====通过降低皮肤/软组织的温度,血液流动减少[//m.houseofhawgs.com/index.php?title=Healing血管收缩]。接下来是血管扩张,以防止缺氧损伤(狩猎反射:如果冷敷袋在皮肤上停留超过10分钟,血管就会扩张)。组织代谢降低,神经元兴奋性、炎症、传导率和组织延伸性降低。在关节温度为30℃或更低时,软骨降解酶(包括胶原酶、弹性酶、透明质酸酶和蛋白酶)的活性受到抑制。代谢率的降低限制了进一步的损伤,并有助于组织在损伤后发生的细胞缺氧中存活下来。
[[Image:Modalities.jpg|center|500px]]'''''                                                          Figure 1:'''''Pathophysiologic effects of topical modalities ''Both applications can reduce the pain, but the question of when to use which application is still debated. Therefore, patient’s preference can be taken into consideration when deciding which thermotherapy tool to use.  Kellogg Jr DL. [https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/japplphysiol.01071.2005 In vivo mechanisms of cutaneous vasodilation and vasoconstriction in humans during thermoregulatory challenges.] Journal of applied physiology. 2006 May;100(5):1709-18. Hendee W.R., [https://books.google.fi/books?id=KTlTaJoAbCsC&lpg=PP1&ots=YA-HTmwmrY&dq=Hendee%20W.R.%2C%20Physics%20of%20Thermal%20Therapy%2C%20Fundamentals%20and%20Clinical%20applications&lr&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false Physics of Thermal Therapy, Fundamentals and Clinical applications], By Taylor and Francis group, 2013.  
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