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- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:主观睡眠测量主观睡眠测量包括睡眠问卷、睡眠日记/日志、估计困倦程度的评分量表和硬件设备。这些测量可以提供一个关于睡眠时间水平、睡眠一致性、睡眠倾向和失眠的广泛概述。它们也是一种快速且经济有效的评估困倦程度的方法。Miley AÅ, Kecklund G, Åkerstedt T.比较两个版本的卡罗林斯卡睡眠量表(KSS)。睡眠和生物节律。2016年7月1日;14(3):257-60。 ==== Epworth嗜睡量表==== Epworth嗜睡量表:Walker NA, Sunderram J, Zhang P, Lu SE, Scharf MT. Epworth嗜睡量表的临床应用。睡眠与呼吸。2020年1月14日:1-7。 *最常用的测量之一*简单,广泛使用的自我管理问卷*测量白天的困倦程度*个人被要求评估他们在日常生活中经常遇到的八种典型情况下通常打瞌睡的几率(例如坐着阅读,看电视,坐在车里的乘客,*得分越高表明入睡倾向越高* ESS在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)和嗜睡症患者中较高,而在失眠患者中较低*验证研究表明,使用PSG ====卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表====,ESS得分与睡眠潜伏期之间存在显著相关性*主观评分量表,当嗜睡评分相对较高时,通过使用生理和行为变化来评估嗜睡 *由a组成 9-point Likert scale * Self-reported, subjective assessment of an individual’s level of drowsiness at the time * Often used in research studies of shift work, sleep deprivation and driving * Good correlation with PSG measurements and performance-based measures (worsening of performance is associated with increased KSS values) ==== Contact Hardware Devices to Assess Sleep ==== The prevalence of tracking sleep has increased in recent years. Predictive modelling based on [[Pulse rate|heart rate]] assessment, respiratory rate and movement allows for certain devices to estimate levels of sleep and provide predictions in breakdowns in types of sleep. There are a variety of devices that can do this, such as the iWatch, ring devices and wearable tracker devices – a comparison of the performance and reliability of some of these hardware devices can be found [https://gadgetsandwearables.com/2020/05/17/the-best-sleep-trackers/ here]. However, there is research indicating that fitness trackers and phone apps have the tendency to underestimate sleep disruptions and to overestimate total sleep times and sleep efficiency. Although subjective measurements of sleep are useful to highlight the awareness of sleep deficit, we do need objective measures as well. Many healthcare professionals and clinical populations report an increased level of sleep restriction. This leads to many professionals accepting a new baseline of decreased alertness and performance as well as changes in mood. The detriments of this can be reversed, but it can also have long-term ramifications on physical, mental and emotional health. It is not possible to repay sleep debt and the impact of sleep restriction is constant and will most likely remain.