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- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:==临床表现== ===早期体征=== ====听力损失====最常见的首发症状为单侧听力下降<参考文献名称="AN临床特征">中华肿瘤学杂志,2013;5(1):57-62。Epub 2012年10月31日颅内前庭神经鞘瘤的临床特征。黄翔,徐军,徐敏,周丽玲,张锐,郎玲,徐强,钟鹏,陈敏,王勇,张铮。。在大多数情况下,听力的丧失是缓慢而微妙的。受影响的人通常很晚才发现听力问题或偶然发现听力问题,例如在打电话或例行检查时。最重要的是,人们会注意到高频听力障碍——突然间,人们再也听不到鸟鸣了,或者鸟鸣已经改变了。大约90%的听神经瘤患者都有一定程度的听力损失。====耳鸣====听力困难的增加往往伴随着耳鸣,通常被称为“耳鸣”,耳鸣是听到铃声、嗡嗡声、嘶嘶声、啁啾声、口哨声或其他声音的感觉。噪音可以是断断续续的,也可以是连续的,并且响度可以变化。 Tinnitus may even be the first symptom, without the person affected having or experiencing hearing loss. Like hearing loss, tinnitus is also present mostly in the high-frequency range. in cases of Acoustic Neuroma. ==== Balance/Vertigo ==== Although acoustic neuromas mostly originate from the upper part of the balance nerve, vertigo and impaired balance rank only in third place as a symptom of an acoustic neuroma. They appear as swaying dizziness, and as vertigo and unstable walking. Often only after being asked directly do acoustic neuroma sufferers admit to experiencing an occasional vague feeling of instability, mostly in the dark and with sudden head and body movements. As the vestibular portion of the nerve is compressed the ability to maintain balance may decrease, but as this usually occurs slowly, brain adapts and compensates for this change. As a result, many people barely notice any change in their balance. Alternatively the patient may have signs of ataxia. Facial paresthesia may also be an early sign.
As the tumour grows very slowly, in most cases (with the exception of Neurofibromatosis patients) the symptoms usually start after age 30 years. === Later Signs === An acoustic neuroma growing towards the skull base can interfere with the functions of other cranial nerves and vessels, which supply the brain and lead into the brain through the openings in the skull base. If the 7th cranial nerve ([[Facial nerve|Facial Nerve]]) is impaired this leads to motor failures in the face, as this nerve is responsible for facial muscles, amongst other things. Facial paralysis AKA [[Facial Palsy|facial palsy]] can ensue and the production of tear fluid (leading to [[Dry Eye|Dry Eye]]) and secretions from the nose and palate are frequently affected. Eventually, the sense of taste in two thirds of the tongue may also suffer. If the 5th cranial nerve (Trigeminal Nerve) is impaired this leads to sensation problems, numbness or facial pain, i.e. trigeminal neuralgia. These symptoms occur less frequently because this cranial nerve passes further away from the cerebellopontine angle. It is similar with the 9th cranial nerve ( Glossopharyngeal Nerve) and 10th cranial nerve (Vagal Nerve). Impairments to these nerves lead to problems swallowing, painful swallowing and taste disorders in the rear third of the tongue, amongst other problems.