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您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:生物力学=== “负重:”椎间盘承受各种载荷，包括压缩、拉伸和剪切应力Stokes, I.和J. Iatridis，加速椎间盘退变的力学条件:超载与固定。《脊柱》(费城出版社1976)，2004。 White, A.A.和M.M. Panjabi，脊柱的临床生物力学。卷》446。。在压缩加载过程中，NP内产生静水压力，从而将力分散到终板和AF上 Broberg, k.b.，关于椎间盘的力学行为。《脊柱》(费城出版社1976)，1983年版。 Reuber, M.等，腰椎间盘突出。生物医学工程学报，2002。[j] .。 This mechanism slows the rate applied loads are transmitted to the adjacent vertebra, giving the disc its shock-absorbing abilities . ''Movement:'' The disc is also involved in permitting movements between vertebral bodies, which include: * Axial compression / distraction; * Flexion / extension; * Axial rotation; * Lateral flexion. ''Nuclear migration: A''symmetric compressive loading disc can cause the NP to migrate in a direction opposite to the compression Krag, M.H., et al., Internal displacement distribution from in vitro loading of human thoracic and lumbar spinal motion segments: experimental results and theoretical predictions. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1987. 12(10): p. 1001-7. Shah, J.S., W.G. Hampson, and M.I. Jayson, The distribution of surface strain in the cadaveric lumbar spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 1978. 60-B(2): p. 246-51. Schnebel, B.E., et al., A digitizing technique for the study of movement of intradiscal dye in response to flexion and extension of the lumbar spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1988. 13(3): p. 309-12. Fennell, A., A. Jones, and D. Hukins, Migration of the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc during flexion and extension of the spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1996. 21(23): p. 2753-7.. For example, during forward bending (or flexion) of the lumbar spine, the NP migrates posteriorly or backwards (Figure 4). Conversely, during backwards bending (or extension), the nucleus is squeezed anteriorly or forwards. This concept is known as the dynamic disc model Kolber, M.J. and W.J. Hanney, The dynamic disc model: a systematic review of the literature. Phys Ther Rev, 2009. 14(3): p. 181-189.. Although NP migration has been shown to behave predictably in asymptomatic discs, a variable pattern of migration occurs in people with symptomatic and/or degenerative IVDs . [[Image:Discmig1.jpg]][[Image:Discmig2.jpg]] Figure 4: Direction of nuclear migration within the IVD during spinal movements (adapted from McKenzie 1981) 回到 检索自"http:///Intervertebral_disc”
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