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- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:==全球战略 世卫组织认识到存在着独特的机会,可以制定和实施一项有效战略,通过改善饮食和促进身体活动,在全世界大幅度减少死亡和疾病负担,因此于2004年5月通过了“http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/goals/en/饮食、身体活动与健康全球战略”。全球战略有4个主要目标:#通过公共卫生行动减少因不健康饮食和缺乏身体活动而导致的慢性病的风险因素。提高对饮食和身体活动对健康的影响以及预防性干预措施的积极影响的认识和理解。#制定、加强和实施可持续、全面并让所有部门积极参与的全球、区域和国家政策和行动计划,以改善饮食和增加身体活动。#监测科学并促进饮食和身体活动方面的研究。
自2004年该文件发布以来,世卫组织一直在努力制定全球范围内改善人口健康的战略和现实目标。世界卫生组织承认,非传染性疾病占过早死亡的很大比例,因此在2012年,所有国家都承诺到2025年实现非传染性疾病(NCDs)导致的过早死亡率降低25% (25x25目标)。{{pdf|25x25.pdf|非传染性疾病联盟- 25x25倒计时。为实现这些目标,各国估计,如果它们解决导致非传染性疾病的六个风险因素,将有助于减少非传染性疾病造成的过早死亡。这六种危险因素是:#[[戒烟和短暂干预|烟草]]使用#[[酗酒|酒精]]使用#盐摄入量#[[肥胖]]#[[高血压]]#血糖水平{{pdf|Lancet 25x25.pdf|《柳叶刀》杂志关于六种危险因素的文章。世卫组织发布《2014年全球卫生状况报告》世界卫生组织,世界卫生组织。药物滥用管理小组。[https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/alcohol_2014/en/ 2014年酒精与健康全球现状报告]。 World Health Organization; 2014. which included 9 Global targets to continue to try and tackle the NCD problem; within this document, this included the 25x25 target. Here are the other targets: #A 25% relative reduction in the overall mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, or chronic respiratory diseases #At least 10% relative reduction in the harmful use of alcohol, as appropriate, within the national context #A 10% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity #A 30% relative reduction in mean population intake of salt/sodium #A 30% relative reduction in the prevalence of current tobacco use #A 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised blood pressure or contain the prevalence of raised blood pressure, according to national circumstances #Halt the rise in diabetes and obesity #At least 50% of eligible people receive drug therapy and counselling (including glycaemic control) to prevent heart attacks and strokes #An 80% availability of the affordable basic technologies and essential medicines, including generics, required to treat major noncommunicable diseases in both public and private facilities In 2018 the WHO launched a new [https://www.who.int/ncds/prevention/physical-activity/global-action-plan-2018-2030/en/ WHO global action plan to promote physical activity] (GAPPA). This plan responds to the requests by countries for updated guidance, and a framework of effective and feasible policy actions to increase physical activity at all levels. It also responds to requests for global leadership and stronger regional and national coordination, and the need for a whole-of-society response to achieve a paradigm shift in both supporting and valuing all people being regularly active, according to ability and across the life course. The action plan was developed through a worldwide consultation process involving governments and key stakeholders across multiple sectors including health, sports, transport, urban design, civil society, academia and the private sector. * Optionally, [http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272722/9789241514187-eng.pdf read the GAPPA document here]