Gemellus Superior
起源al Editor-
Top Contributors-Abbey Wright
Description[edit|edit source]
Gemellus superior is a small muscle in the posterio-latereal portion of thehip．它的工作原理与gemellus inferiorandobturator internus, to form the triceps coxae, to externally rotate the hip[1]．These three muscles also act as the deep stabilisers of the hip.[2]
起源[edit|edit source]
Gemellus superior originates from the outer (gluteal) surface of the spine of theischium[3]
插入[edit|edit source]
It has a blended insertion with the upper part of the tendon of the Obturator internus.[3]
Nerve[edit|edit source]
Nerve to obturator internus, which is formed from portions of the L5, S1, and S2 spinal nerves.
Artery[edit|edit source]
Inferior gluteal and internal pudendal arteries
Function[edit|edit source]
The gemelli muscles act to externally (laterally) rotate the hip.
Clinical relevance[edit|edit source]
Together with its twin: gemellus inferior as well as obturator internus andpiriformis, gemellus superior is a deep stabiliser of the hip joint. These four muscles work withgluteus maximusto resist anterior forces of the hip.[5]
It is difficult to assess gemellus superior in isolation due to its proximity to the other external rotators of the hip. Testing of the external rotators would be done in a normalhip assessment．
Resources[edit|edit source]
- ↑Palastanga, NIgel; Soames, Roger (November 2011).Physiotherapy Essentials : Anatomy and Human Movement : Structure and Function(6th ed.). London, GBR: Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 235
- ↑Brukner, Peter. (2011).Brukner & Kahn's Clinical Sports Medicine (4th Edition).Australia. McGraw-Hill education Pty Ltd. p514-515
- ↑3.03.1Palastanga, NIgel; Soames, Roger (November 2011).Physiotherapy Essentials : Anatomy and Human Movement : Structure and Function(6th ed.). London, GBR: Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 237.
- ↑Kenhub - Learn human anatomy. Functions of the gemelli muscles (preview) - 3D Human Anatomy | Kenhub. Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWuoa-XJPXg[last accessed 25/07/2019]
- ↑Brukner, Peter. (2011).Brukner & Kahn's Clinical Sports Medicine (4th Edition).Australia. McGraw-Hill education Pty Ltd. p516
