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您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:==原因==常见原因包括: *血管扩张剂(如硝酸甘油) *不吃饭 *天气变化 *睡眠不足 *[[压力与健康|压力]] *过度的传入刺激(如闪烁的灯光，强烈的气味) *头部创伤，[[颈部疼痛:临床实践指南|颈部疼痛，或颞下颌关节功能障碍可引发或加重偏头痛<参考名称=“默克手册”/> *激素因素:雌激素水平波动是偏头痛的有力诱因。许多女性在月经初潮时偏头痛发作，在月经期和月经康复期发作严重(经期偏头痛:在先兆偏头痛中更常见)，并且在绝经期偏头痛恶化。口服避孕药和其他激素治疗偶尔会引发或加重偏头痛，并与先兆偏头痛妇女中风有关。怀孕可能会加重或减轻偏头痛发作。*某些食物会导致偏头痛发作(包括但不限于):**含酪胺的棋类 **含硝酸盐防腐剂的肉类，如热狗或熏肉 **含苯乙胺的巧克力但不含单独的巧克力 **食品添加剂如味精，常用的风味增强剂 **咖啡和酒精(尤其是红酒) **糖(易感人群) *遗传学:约60%的病例有阳性的偏头痛家族史，这提示有遗传因素。迄今为止所做的所有双胞胎研究(比较同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎的一致性率)表明，除了环境因素外，偏头痛还有遗传因素。杜克罗，杜克罗，杜克罗。[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12849426/偏头痛的遗传学]。《柳叶刀神经病学》2002;[1]: 285-293. 家族性偏瘫偏头痛(FHM)是一种罕见的先兆型偏头痛，是唯一一种单基因孟德尔遗传模式已被明确确立的形式。
=== Trigger Factors === Trigger factors increase the probability of a migraine attack in the short term (usually <48 hours) in a person with migraine. Though some trigger factors have been reasonably well studied epidemiologically (eg, menstruation) or in clinical trials (eg, chocolate, aspartame), causal attribution in individual patients may be difficult. === Aggravating Factors === Migraine may be aggravated by a number of factors. That is, in a person who already meets the criteria for migraine, particular factors may be associated with a relatively long-term (usually weeks to months) increase in the severity or frequency of attacks. Examples of commonly-reported aggravating factors include psychosocial stress, frequent intake of alcoholic beverages, other environmental factors.

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