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- 您请求的操作仅限于组中的用户:==系统性参与== 1。神经系统——当人体自身的免疫细胞攻击髓磷脂时，多发性硬化症会严重影响中枢神经系统，髓磷脂会暴露神经，造成大脑和身体其他部位之间的脱节。大脑和身体之间的中断会导致整个身体的功能下降。多发性硬化症从上到下http://www.healthline.com/health/multiple-sclerosis/effects-on-the-body。(发布日期:2014年3月23日)多发性硬化症会对大脑产生影响，症状包括记忆丧失、精神错乱、头晕、眩晕、性格改变、抑郁，以及不太常见的癫痫发作。视觉系统——视觉障碍是多发性硬化症的常见首发症状，通常会突然出现在一只或两只眼睛。症状可能表现为视力模糊或重影、疼痛以及单眼或双眼看不清对比度。视力受损是由于眼部肌肉的炎症和疲劳，在大多数情况下是暂时的。听力损失是多发性硬化症的另一种影响，但不太常见。 Problems with hearing usually occur due to damage to the brainstem and most commonly resolve on their own. 3. Respiratory System - The Decreased function of the respiratory muscles due to nerve damage can create speech as well as breathing difficulties. This complication usually occurs early on in the disease process and worsens as MS progresses. 4. Musculoskeletal System - Muscle weakness, numbness and tingling are common symptoms to occur because of demyelination in MS. This complication can lead to problems such as decreased hand-eye coordination, balance, gait, and fine motor skills because the brain has difficulty sending information to the nerves and muscles. As the disease progresses these symptoms may worsen and make assistive devices necessary for gait and mobility. MS can also increase the risk of bone fractures and osteoporosis because of steroid use and inactivity, which decrease bone density. Swallowing difficulties can also arise because of the muscles responsible for swallowing become weak due to nerve damage. Problems with swallowing can lead to food or liquid to get into the lungs and cause an infection. 5. Autonomic System - MS can affect the bladder when damage to the nerves that control bladder and sphincter function occurs. The bladder can become “spastic” in which it is unable to empty urine properly or a “flaccid” bladder in which it is unable to hold urine. Bowel problems are another complication that can occur in MS patients and will present as a loss of bowel control as well as constipation. Sexual impairments is a common occurrence in people with MS, which occurs when the nerves sending information to the sexual organs are damaged. This damage can lead to problems in arousal and orgasm. Sexual impairments can also be caused by other MS symptoms, such as fatigue, spasticity and mood. 6. Integumentary System - MS patients are at a much greater risk of skin break down due to sensation loss, heat sensitivity, muscle weakness/paralysis and immobility.
