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'''Original Editor''- [[User:Ashmita Patrao|Ashmita Patrao]]'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}
'''Original Editor''-''[[User:Ashmita Patrao|Ashmita Patrao]] Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}


== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
This test was designed to assess radicular pain, specially at the C4-C6 nerve roots. It is otherwise known as the shoulder abduction test. This test can be suggestive of cervical nerve involvement, but however isn't diagnostic of it.Davis FA. Bakody sign [Internet]. Tabers online, Unbound medicine. Available from: https://www.tabers.com/tabersonline/view/Tabers-Dictionary/773522/all/Bakody_sign
This test was designed to assess radicular pain, specially at the C4-C6 nerve roots. It is otherwise known as the shoulder abduction test. This test can be suggestive of cervicalSchliesser JS, Kruse R, Fallon LF. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0161475403001544 Cervical radiculopathy treated with chiropractic flexion distraction manipulation]: a retrospective study in a private practice setting. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2003 Nov 1;26(9):592-6.nerve involvement, but however isn't diagnostic of it.Davis FA. Bakody sign [Internet]. Tabers online, Unbound medicine. Available from: https://www.tabers.com/tabersonline/view/Tabers-Dictionary/773522/all/Bakody_sign


== History ==
== History ==
Dr John Bakody, a neurosurgeon developed this technique, in1977and published the same in the Surgical Neurology.
Dr John Bakody, a neurosurgeon developed this techniquein 1977and published the same in the Surgical NeurologyJohnson I. Bakody sign. Surgical Neurology. 1977 Jun 1;7(6):370-..


== Purpose ==
== Purpose ==
It is used to diagnose cervical radiculopathy, it是一样的吗spurlingstest however is less painful. It can also be used in case of a herniated [[Disc Herniation|disc pathology]], spinal nerve root compression, acute neck pain which could be neural related.
It is used to diagnose[//m.houseofhawgs.com/Cervical_Radiculopathycervical radiculopathy] and是一样的吗[//m.houseofhawgs.com/Spurling%27s_Test spurling'stest]however is less painful. It can also be used in case of a herniated [[Disc Herniation|disc pathology]], spinal nerve root compression, acute neck pain which could be neural related.


== Procedure ==
== Procedure ==
The subject could be sitting or lying down. The limb has to be actively or passively raised above the head with the palm of the hand above the head.
The subject could be sitting or lying down. The上limb has to be actively or passively raised above the head with the palm of the hand above the head.


== Interpretation ==
== Interpretation ==
'''Positive sign:''' Reduction in symptoms with the painful arm placed on top of the head. The suggested mechanism includes reduction of pain as the traction force to the nerves and the lower [[brachial plexus]] trunks are relieved.withthe arm hanging at the side ofonesbody the mechanical [[Traction for Neck Pain CPR|traction]] actingnthe nerve increases , thus increasing symptoms.
'''Positive sign:''' Reduction in symptoms with the painful arm placed on top of the head. The suggested mechanism includes reduction of pain as the traction force to the nerves and the lower [[brachial plexus]] trunks are relieved.Withthe arm hanging at the side ofone'sbody the mechanical [[Traction for Neck Pain CPR|traction]] actingonthe nerve increases, thus increasing symptoms.


'''Negative sign:''' Increase in the symptoms when the patients hand is placed on the head. These symptoms are probably increased due to inter scalene muscle compression. Thus placing the hand could be termed positive for inter scalene compression and negative for Bakody sign.Jorgensen E. Bakody’s Sign: Cervical Radiculopathy Orthopaedic Test [Internet] . Obtained from: https://healthcog.com/bakody-sign-position/Magee, David J. ''Orthopedic Physical Assessment''. St. Louis, Mo: Saunders Elsevier, 2008.
'''Negative sign:''' Increase in the symptoms when the patients hand is placed on the head. These symptoms are probably increased due to inter scalene muscle compression. Thus placing the hand could be termed positive for inter scalene compression and negative for Bakody sign.Jorgensen E. Bakody’s Sign: Cervical Radiculopathy Orthopaedic Test [Internet] . Obtained from: https://healthcog.com/bakody-sign-position/Magee, David J. ''Orthopedic Physical Assessment''. St. Louis, Mo: Saunders Elsevier, 2008.

Revision as of 10:58, 2 October 2022

Original Editor-Ashmita PatraoTop Contributors-Ashmita Patrao,Chelsea McleneandKim Jackson

Introduction[edit|edit source]

This test was designed to assess radicular pain, specially at the C4-C6 nerve roots. It is otherwise known as the shoulder abduction test. This test can be suggestive of cervical[1]nerve involvement, but however isn't diagnostic of it.[2]

History[edit|edit source]

Dr John Bakody, a neurosurgeon developed this technique in 1977 and published the same in the Surgical Neurology[3].

Purpose[edit|edit source]

It is used to diagnosecervical radiculopathyand is as definitive as thespurling's testhowever is less painful. It can also be used in case of a herniateddisc pathology, spinal nerve root compression, acute neck pain which could be neural related.

Procedure[edit|edit source]

The subject could be sitting or lying down. The upper limb has to be actively or passively raised above the head with the palm of the hand above the head.

Interpretation[edit|edit source]

Positive sign:Reduction in symptoms with the painful arm placed on top of the head. The suggested mechanism includes reduction of pain as the traction force to the nerves and the lowerbrachial plexustrunks are relieved. With the arm hanging at the side of one's body the mechanicaltractionacting on the nerve increases, thus increasing symptoms.

Negative sign:Increase in the symptoms when the patients hand is placed on the head. These symptoms are probably increased due to inter scalene muscle compression. Thus placing the hand could be termed positive for inter scalene compression and negative for Bakody sign.[4][5]

References[edit|edit source]

  1. ↑Schliesser JS, Kruse R, Fallon LF.Cervical radiculopathy treated with chiropractic flexion distraction manipulation: a retrospective study in a private practice setting. Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2003 Nov 1;26(9):592-6.
  2. ↑Davis FA. Bakody sign [Internet]. Tabers online, Unbound medicine. Available from:https://www.tabers.com/tabersonline/view/Tabers-Dictionary/773522/all/Bakody_sign
  3. ↑Johnson I. Bakody sign. Surgical Neurology. 1977 Jun 1;7(6):370-.
  4. ↑Jorgensen E. Bakody’s Sign: Cervical Radiculopathy Orthopaedic Test [Internet] . Obtained from:https://healthcog.com/bakody-sign-position/
  5. ↑Magee, David J.Orthopedic Physical Assessment. St. Louis, Mo: Saunders Elsevier, 2008.
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