动脉

Introduction[[|这是给予的

动脉make up a major part of the[[1这是给予的。动脉由[2]。动脉深处[3]。

• Systemic arteries carry blood away from the heart, transporting oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to and from every[4]。
• [5]

Function[[|这是给予的

Mainly, arteries manage the transportation of[2]

动脉in the systemic circulation can be divided into muscular or elastic depending on the type of tissue in the middle section of the artery. Larger arteries tend to be elastic and smaller ones are muscular. The latter are the one that deliver blood to the arterioles.^[6]

Structure[[|这是给予的

The arteries throughout the body are composed of three different layers.

1. 最内在的层是Tunica Intima：由平滑肌层组成，该平滑肌层包含一层内皮细胞​​，其余的是平滑肌和弹性蛋白；为富含氧气的血液创建一个管，以便到达适当的灌注部位（确保没有动脉泄漏，并且富含营养的血液可以在卸下其氧气和其他营养素之前移至适当的区域）。^[2]
2. The second layer is known as the Media or the middle layer: Made up of more smooth muscle that can dilate or constrict, which adjusts the pressures on the arterial walls during systolic pumping. This layer of muscle lets arteries handle the high pressures from the heart.^[7]
3. 最外层被称为Adventitia：结缔组织将动脉锚定在附近的组织上。对于将动脉连接到体内其他组织的至关重要，包括控制动脉中平滑肌肉的血管神经。^[7]

最大的动脉是主动脉，这是与心脏左心室相连的主要高压管道。主动脉分支到较小动脉的网络中，这些动脉延伸到整个身体。动脉的较小分支称为动脉和毛细血管。肺动脉在低压下从心脏到肺含有贫血的血液，使这些动脉独特。

Disease[[|这是给予的

动脉在维持体内稳态方面起着至关重要的作用。

随着个人的年龄，健康问题开始以动脉僵硬或浓厚的形式表现出来。然而，随着年龄和饮食不佳的饮食，许多不同的问题开始堵塞，以浓密的斑块称为[2]

• [8]

Physiotherapy[[|这是给予的

促进体育锻炼

常规[9]。

Regular exercise helps arteries by boosting the endothelial cells' nitric oxide production. This nitric oxide has two crucial functions. It keeps the arterial lining smooth and slippery, preventing[[10]

References[[|这是给予的